Rebels & Legitimacy; An Introduction

Abstract

This introduction to the double special issue on the theme of rebels and legitimacy aims to set out the parameters for the discussion. It looks at legitimacy as a concept and at legitimation as a process. To date most of the literature on legitimacy has focused on the state. However, rebel groups such as insurgents, terrorists, warlords and guerrillas have all had claims, and continue to claim, legitimacy as well. How and when are these rebels seen as legitimate actors? Existing suggestions of rebel legitimacy focus heavily on state models of social order and the social contract. This first contribution discusses how to conceptualize legitimacy and how to make it operational. A two-pronged approach, borrowing heavily from Max Weber, is proposed. Legitimacy is investigated based on beliefs and belief systems about what is considered legitimate. This is combined with practices whereby legitimacy is enacted, copied and emulated by the population the rebels claim to represent.     

正弦波调制的光纤环本征频率测量方法

为了弥补传统光纤环本征频率测量方法中方波调制存在死区的缺陷,提出正弦波调制的本征频率测量方法。对正弦波调制下的光纤陀螺输出信号进行分析,得到二次谐波幅度与调制频率间的二次函数关系,通过计算抛物线顶点即可求得本征频率。依据该原理对已有的光纤陀螺进行升级改造,研制了一套本征频率测量系统。试验结果表明:该方法可达到1×10-5的测量精度,是一种成本低、精度高的光纤环本征频率测量方法。     

PMSM位置伺服系统新型融合控制策略

针对PMSM位置伺服系统存在非线性、强耦合等特征,提出了一种基于分数阶PID和分数阶滑模控制的新型融合控制策略。通过检测位置误差、速度及负载转矩,归一化处理后带入构造的二次性能指标函数,根据其数值动态改变分数阶PID和分数阶滑模控制器输入到被控对象控制量的权重值大小,从而确保提出的新型融合控制策略具有快速跟踪和抗扰动能力。数值仿真实验结果表明:新型融合控制策略比分数阶PID和分数阶滑模控制拥有优良的动静态性能和较好的鲁棒性。     

四阶累积量的MIMO雷达角度估计算法

针对色噪声环境下的MIMO雷达目标角度估计问题,提出一种新的参数估计算法.通过计算MIMO雷达接收数据的四阶累积量,并对构造出的累积量矩阵进行特征分解,结合MUSIC算法和ESPRIT算法实现了雷达目标的角度估计.在保证阵元扩展能力和目标分辨力的基础上进行了低复杂度改进,去掉了冗余信息,实现了目标参数的有效估计;同时由于采用四阶累积量,提高了算法抑制高斯噪声的能力,更利于工程应用.最后计算机仿真结果证实了算法的有效性和可行性.     

单小批量武器装备保障的质量屋模型研究

摘要：针对单小批量武器装备保障的特殊需求,对传统的质量屋模型进行了改进,建立了基于装备保障需求与保障规则的质量屋模型,利用整数规划技术进行求解,使得单小批量武器的装备保障规则按照实际保障需求重新排列优先次序,并通过对某型火炮保障方案的筛选验证了模型的正确性．新的质量屋模型发展完善了质量屋的理论与方法,有助于提高单小批量武器的装备保障能力．     

预定相遇态势的潜射鱼雷射击及其技术方法

为发挥鱼雷的作战效能,提出潜射鱼雷有利相遇态势的概念,指出当一次转角射击不能满足鱼雷以有利相遇态势接近并发现目标时,各种自导方式的鱼雷均需要二次转角射击。在给出二次转角射击时机、解算模型的基础上,着重对预定相遇态势射击的关键----二次转向点的选择问题进行了系统研究,引入基于鱼雷自导探测距离的二次转向点与预定相遇点之间距离的选择方法,使得二次转向点的选择更具合理性和针对性,且适用于包括直航鱼雷在内的各种鱼雷。     

Higher‐order Markov chain models for categorical data sequences*

In this paper we study higher‐order Markov chain models for analyzing categorical data sequences. We propose an efficient estimation method for the model parameters. Data sequences such as DNA and sales demand are used to illustrate the predicting power of our proposed models. In particular, we apply the developed higher‐order Markov chain model to the server logs data. The objective here is to model the users' behavior in accessing information and to predict their behavior in the future. Our tests are based on a realistic web log and our model shows an improvement in prediction. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

红河州边境地区治安问题探析

云南省红河州中越边境地区治安问题十分突出,直接影响着边境经济社会稳定。解决这一问题需要创新理念,建立高效规范的边境管理体系;加强警务合作,开展专项整治,保持高压态势打击边境地区各类违法犯罪活动;加强信息交流,发挥情报侦查在管控边境上的主导作用;加强边境联合执法,建立健全科学管控联动机制;加大经费投入,坚持科技强警思想,全面加强边防派出所执法队伍建设。     

作为历史观念的《尚书》“先王”观念

"先王"观念与"法先王"思想基本为同一范畴。"先王"观念与古代中国宗法社会紧密相连,还与中国古人对"政治制度和社会文化的延续性"的深刻认识有关。《尚书》中尚未出现"法先王"一词,但是"先王"观念非常浓厚,是中国"法先王"思想的文献源头。"先王"观念也是历史观念的重要体现,它与"殷鉴"思想、"忧患"意识一起构成了《尚书》历史功用思想的整体,并对后世产生了很大影响。     

Coherent systems based on sequential order statistics

The sequential order statistics (SOS) are a good way to model the lifetimes of the components in a system when the failure of a component at time t affects the performance of the working components at this age t. In this article, we study properties of the lifetimes of the coherent systems obtained using SOS. Specifically, we obtain a mixture representation based on the signature of the system. This representation is used to obtain stochastic comparisons. To get these comparisons, we obtain some ordering properties for the SOS, which in this context represent the lifetimes of k‐out‐of‐n systems. In particular, we show that they are not necessarily hazard rate ordered. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011